1. Edwardian War (1337–1360)

This initial phase saw Edward III launch aggressive campaigns in France. Notable battles include:

• Battle of Crécy (1346): A decisive English victory that showcased the power of the English longbowmen.
   

• Siege of Calais (1347): England captured the strategic port of Calais, holding it for over two centuries.
   

The war paused with the Treaty of Brétigny in 1360, which granted Edward significant lands but not the French crown.

2. Caroline War (1369–1389)

The French, under King Charles V, regained much of the lost territory through guerrilla warfare and avoiding major battles. The English suffered setbacks, and the war reached a stalemate.

3. Lancastrian War (1415–1453)

This phase featured the famous campaigns of Henry V of England, including:

• Battle of Agincourt (1415): A stunning English victory despite being heavily outnumbered.
   

• The Treaty of Troyes (1420) declared Henry V heir to the French throne, disinheriting the Dauphin Charles (later Charles VII).

However, the tide turned with the intervention of Joan of Arc in 1429, who inspired French forces and helped lift the Siege of Orléans. The French gradually reclaimed territory until the war ended with the English losing almost all their continental possessions shutdown123